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As we know an internet Protocol manages the files divided into packets by TCP, so that they arrive at the right destination. Each computer on the internet has at least one address that uniquely identifies it from all other computers on the internet. The packets contain both the senders and recievers address. Every packet is first sent to a gateway computer which reads the destination address and forewards the packet to an adjacent gateway that in turn reads the destination address and so fourth across the internet until one gateway recognizes the address to a computer within its domain. The gateway then forwards the packets directly to the computer whose address is specified. Each packet can be sent by a different route which can cause them to arrive in a defferent order that the order they were sent in. The IP just delivers them, its up to TCP to put them back in the right order. Unlike TCP, IP is a connectionless protocol which means there is no established connection between the end points that are communicating. Each packet travels through the internet as an independent unit of data without any relation to any other unit of data. | |